Klinische FragestellungMentale Retardierung bei Lissenzephalie, Differentialdiagnose
Zusammenfassung
Umfassendes differentialdiagnostisches panel für Mentale Retardierung bei Lissenzephalie mit 13 "core"- und "core candidate"-Genen bzw. zusammen genommen 60 kuratierten Genen gemäß klinischer Verdachtsdiagnose
145,2 kb (Erweitertes Panel: inkl. additional genes)
- EDTA-Blut (3-5 ml)
NGS +
Genpanel
Ausgewählte Gene
Name | Exon-Länge (bp) | OMIM-G | Referenz-Seq. | Erbgang |
---|---|---|---|---|
CDK5 | 783 | NM_001164410.3 | AR | |
CRPPA | 1356 | NM_001101426.4 | AR | |
DCX | 1083 | NM_178153.3 | XL | |
DYNC1H1 | 13941 | NM_001376.5 | AD | |
FLNA | 7920 | NM_001456.4 | XL | |
KATNB1 | 1968 | NM_005886.3 | AR | |
KIF2A | 2235 | NM_001098511.3 | AD | |
NDE1 | 1008 | NM_001143979.2 | AR | |
PAFAH1B1 | 1233 | NM_000430.4 | AD | |
PIK3CA | 3207 | NM_006218.4 | AD | |
TUBA1A | 1356 | NM_006009.4 | AD | |
WDR62 | 4572 | NM_001083961.2 | AR | |
ACTB | 1128 | NM_001101.5 | AD | |
ACTG1 | 1128 | NM_001614.5 | AD | |
ADGRG1 | 2064 | NM_005682.7 | AR | |
APC2 | 6912 | NM_005883.3 | AR | |
ARFGEF2 | 5358 | NM_006420.3 | AR | |
B3GALNT2 | 1503 | NM_152490.5 | AR | |
B4GAT1 | 1248 | NM_006876.3 | AR | |
CASK | 2766 | NM_003688.3 | XL | |
CCND2 | 870 | NM_001759.4 | AD | |
CENPJ | 4017 | NM_018451.5 | AR | |
CEP85L | 2418 | NM_001042475.3 | AD | |
CRADD | 600 | NM_003805.5 | AR | |
CTNNA2 | 2583 | NM_001164883.2 | AR | |
EML1 | 2448 | NM_004434.3 | AR | |
FKRP | 1488 | NM_024301.5 | AR | |
FKTN | 1386 | NM_001079802.2 | AR | |
KIF5C | 2874 | NM_004522.3 | AD | |
LAMB1 | 5361 | NM_002291.3 | AR | |
LARGE1 | 2271 | NM_004737.7 | AR | |
MACF1 | 16293 | NM_012090.5 | AD | |
PIDD1 | 2894 | NM_145886.4 | AR | |
POMGNT1 | 1983 | NM_017739.4 | AR | |
POMK | 1053 | NM_032237.5 | AR | |
POMT1 | 2244 | NM_007171.4 | AR | |
POMT2 | 2253 | NM_013382.7 | AR | |
RELN | 10383 | NM_005045.4 | AR | |
RNU4ATAC | 130 | NR_023343.1 | AR | |
RXYLT1 | 1355 | NM_014254.3 | AR | |
TMTC3 | 2745 | NM_181783.4 | AR | |
TP73 | 1764 | NM_001126240.3 | AR | |
TUBB | 1335 | NM_178014.4 | AD | |
TUBB2A | 1338 | NM_001069.3 | AD | |
TUBB2B | 1338 | NM_178012.5 | AD | |
TUBB3 | 1353 | NM_006086.4 | AD | |
TUBG1 | 1356 | NM_001070.5 | AD | |
TUBGCP2 | 2895 | NM_001256617.2 | AR | |
VLDLR | 2622 | NM_003383.5 | AR | |
YWHAE | 768 | NM_006761.5 | AD |
Infos zur Erkrankung
Mentale Retardierung (aktuell akzeptierter englischer Begriff, „intellectual deficits“) ist ein lebenslang schwächender Zustand, der bis zu 2-3% der Bevölkerung in westlichen Ländern betrifft. Während die kausale Pathogenese extrem unterschiedlich ist, stellen bei >50% der Patienten genetische Ätiologien die häufigste Ursache dar. Dieser Prozentsatz nimmt angesichts von effizienten NGS-Technologien zu. Hirnfehlbildungen verursachen nicht wenige Fälle von intellektuellen Defiziten und umfassen eine Gruppe von genetischen Entwicklungsstörungen, die in der Kindheit neben anderen neurologischen Symptomen auftreten. In einigen Fällen entstehen Fehlbildungen des Kortex durch de novo oder somatische Mutationsereignisse im Gameten- oder Postzygoten-Stadium, aber Hirnfehlbildungen können auch vererbt sein wie bei Lissenzephalie, z.B. durch mutierte PAFAH1B1, DCX, ARX und RELN Gene. Mutationen in PAFAH1B1 und DCX machen etwa 85% der klassischen Lissenzephalie-Fälle aus, zumeist bei de novo-Mutationen im PAFAH1B1-Gen, seltener in weiteren Genen. Dabei werden autosomal dominante oder rezessive, selten X-chromosomale Erbgänge beobachtet. Die DNA-diagnostische Ausbeute ist derzeit nicht sicher anzugeben. Die klinische Diagnose kann durch ein negatives molekulargenetisches Ergebnis keinesfalls ausgeschlossen werden.
Referenzen: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1185/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK5189/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK350554/
- Alias: Intellectual disability, metabolic disorder
- Alias: Psycho-motor retardation, metabolic disorder
- Allelic: Cardiomyopathy, dilated, 1X (FKTN)
- Allelic: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, axonal, type 20 (DYNC1H1)
- Allelic: Deafness, AD 20/26 (ACGT1)
- Allelic: Dystonia, juvenile-onset (ACTB)
- Allelic: Epilepsy, familial temporal lobe, 7 (RELN)
- Allelic: Epileptic encephalopathy, early infantile, 1 (ARX)
- Allelic: Fibrosis of extraocular muscles, congenital, 3A (TUBB3)
- Allelic: Hydranencephaly with abnormal genitalia (ARX)
- Allelic: Mental retardation, XL 29, 32, 33, 38, 43, 52, 54, 76, 87 (ARX)
- Allelic: Microhydranencephaly (NDE1)
- Allelic: Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (cong. without mental retardation), type B, 4 (FKTN)
- Allelic: Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (limb-girdle), type C, 1 (POMT1)
- Allelic: Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (limb-girdle), type C, 14 (GMPPB)
- Allelic: Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (limb-girdle), type C, 2 (POMT2)
- Allelic: Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (limb-girdle), type C, 3 (POMGNT1)
- Allelic: Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (limb-girdle), type C, 4 (FKTN)
- Allelic: Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (limb-girdle), type C, 5 (FKRP)
- Allelic: Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (limb-girdle), type C, 7 (CRPPA)
- Allelic: Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (limb-girdle), type C, 8 (POMGNT2)
- Allelic: Partington syndrome (ARX)
- Allelic: Proud syndrome (ARX)
- Allelic: Retinitis pigmentosa 76 (POMGNT1)
- Allelic: Roifman syndrome (RNU4ATAC)
- Allelic: Sotos syndrome 3 (APC2)
- Allelic: Spinal muscular atrophy, lower extremity-predominant 1, AD (DYNC1H1)
- Allelic: Subcortical laminal heterotopia, XL (DCX)
- Allelic: Subcortical laminar heterotopia (PAFAH1B1)
- Allelic: Symmetric circumferential skin creases, congenital, 1 (TUBB)
- Band heterotopia (EML1)
- Baraitser-Winter syndrome 1 (ACTB)
- Baraitser-Winter syndrome 2 (ACTG1)
- Cerebellar hypoplasia + mental retardation with/-out quadrupedal locomotion 1 (VLDLR)
- Ciliary dyskinesia, primary, 47, + lissencephaly (TP73)
- Cortical dysplasia, complex, with other brain malformations 1 (TUBB3)
- Cortical dysplasia, complex, with other brain malformations 10 (APC2)
- Cortical dysplasia, complex, with other brain malformations 2 (KIF5C)
- Cortical dysplasia, complex, with other brain malformations 3 (KIF2A)
- Cortical dysplasia, complex, with other brain malformations 4 (TUBG1)
- Cortical dysplasia, complex, with other brain malformations 5 (TUBB2A)
- Cortical dysplasia, complex, with other brain malformations 6 (TUBB)
- Cortical dysplasia, complex, with other brain malformations 7 (TUBB2B)
- Developmental + epileptic encephalopathy 1 (ARX)
- Intellectual developmental disorder, AR 74 (APC2)
- Lissencephaly 1 (PAFAH1B1)
- Lissencephaly 10 (CEP85L)
- Lissencephaly 2, Norman-Roberts type (RELN)
- Lissencephaly 3 (TUBA1A)
- Lissencephaly 4 [with microcephaly] (NDE1)
- Lissencephaly 5 (LAMB1)
- Lissencephaly 6, with microcephaly (KATNB1)
- Lissencephaly 7 with cerebellar hypoplasia (CDK5)
- Lissencephaly 8 (TMTC3)
- Lissencephaly 9 with complex brainstem malformation (MACF1)
- Lissencephaly [panelapp] (PIDD1)
- Lissencephaly most severe grade (YWHAE deletion)
- Lissencephaly, XL (DCX)
- Lissencephaly, XL 2 (ARX)
- Lowry-Wood syndrome (RNU4ATAC)
- Mega-corpus-callosum syndrome with cerebellar hypoplasia + cortical malformations (MAST1)
- Mental retardation, AD 13 (DYNC1H1)
- Mental retardation, AR 34, with variant lissencephaly (CRADD)
- Mental retardation, XL 29 + others (ARX)
- Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism, type I (RNU4ATAC)
- Microcephaly 17, primary, AR (CIT)
- Microcephaly 2, primary, autosomal recessive, with/-out cortical malformations (WDR62)
- Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (cong. with mental retardation), type B, 1 (POMT1)
- Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (cong. with mental retardation), type B, 14 (GMPPB)
- Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (cong. with mental retardation), type B, 2 (POMT2)
- Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (cong. with mental retardation), type B, 3 (POMGNT1)
- Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (cong. with mental retardation), type B, 6 (LARGE1)
- Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy (cong. with/-out mental retardation), type B, 5 (FKRP)
- Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy, congenital with brain + eye anomalies, type A, 1 (POMT1)
- Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy, congenital with brain + eye anomalies, type A, 10 (RXYLT1)
- Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy, congenital with brain + eye anomalies, type A, 14 (GMPPB)
- Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy, congenital with brain + eye anomalies, type A, 2 (POMT2)
- Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy, congenital with brain + eye anomalies, type A, 3 (POMGNT1)
- Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy, congenital with brain + eye anomalies, type A, 4 (FKTN)
- Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy, congenital with brain + eye anomalies, type A, 5 (FKRP)
- Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy, congenital with brain + eye anomalies, type A, 6 (LARGE1)
- Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy, congenital with brain + eye anomalies, type A, 7 (CRPPA)
- Muscular dystrophy-dystroglycanopathy, congenital with brain + eye anomalies, type A, 8 (POMGNT2)
- Pachygyria, microcephaly, developmental delay, dysmorphic facies, with/-out seizures (TUBGCP2)
- Partington syndrome (ARX)
- Polymicrogyria, bilateral frontoparietal (ADGRG1)
- Polymicrogyria, bilateral perisylvian (ADGRG1)
- Proud syndrome (ARX)
- Subcortical laminal heterotopia, XL (DCX)
- AD
- AR
- XL
- Multiple OMIM-Ps
Bioinformatik und klinische Interpretation
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