Klinische FragestellungKatarakt, Differentialdiagnose
Zusammenfassung
Ein kuratiertes panel mit 138 Genen zur umfassenden Untersuchung von praktisch allen bekannten genetisch bedingten Katarakt-Formen
284,0 kb (Erweitertes Panel: inkl. additional genes)
- EDTA-Blut (3-5 ml)
NGS +
Genpanel
Ausgewählte Gene
Name | Exon-Länge (bp) | OMIM-G | Referenz-Seq. | Erbgang |
---|---|---|---|---|
BFSP1 | 1998 | NM_001195.5 | AD, AR | |
BFSP2 | 1248 | NM_003571.4 | AD | |
COL4A1 | 5010 | NM_001845.6 | AD, Mult | |
CRYAA | 522 | NM_000394.4 | AD, AR | |
CRYAB | 528 | NM_001885.3 | AD, AR | |
CRYBB1 | 759 | NM_001887.4 | AD, AR | |
CRYBB2 | 618 | NM_000496.3 | AD | |
CRYBB3 | 636 | NM_004076.5 | AD, AR | |
CRYGC | 525 | NM_020989.4 | AD | |
CRYGD | 525 | NM_006891.4 | AD | |
FOXE3 | 960 | NM_012186.3 | AD, AR | |
GJA3 | 1308 | NM_021954.4 | AD | |
GJA8 | 1302 | NM_005267.5 | AD | |
ABHD12 | 1197 | NM_001042472.3 | AR | |
ADAMTS10 | 3312 | NM_030957.4 | AR | |
AGK | 1269 | NM_018238.4 | AR | |
AGPS | 1977 | NM_003659.4 | AR | |
ALDH18A1 | 2388 | NM_002860.4 | AD, AR | |
ANAPC1 | 5835 | NM_022662.4 | AR | |
ATAD3A | 1761 | NM_001170535.3 | AR | |
B3GLCT | 1497 | NM_194318.4 | AR | |
BCOR | 5166 | NM_017745.6 | XL | |
CHMP4B | 675 | NM_176812.5 | AD | |
CLPB | 2034 | NM_001258392.3 | AR | |
COG4 | 2295 | NM_001195139.2 | AD | |
COL11A1 | 5421 | NM_001854.4 | AD, AR | |
COL18A1 | 4560 | NM_001379500.1 | AR | |
COL2A1 | 4464 | NM_001844.5 | AD | |
COPB1 | 2883 | NM_001144061.2 | AR | |
CRYBA1 | 648 | NM_005208.5 | AD | |
CRYBA2 | 594 | NM_057093.2 | AD | |
CRYBA4 | 591 | NM_001886.3 | AD | |
CRYGB | 528 | NM_005210.4 | AD | |
CRYGS | 537 | NM_017541.4 | AD | |
CTDP1 | 2529 | NM_004715.5 | AR | |
CYP27A1 | 1596 | NM_000784.4 | AR | |
CYP51A1 | 1540 | NM_000786.4 | AR | |
DHCR7 | 1428 | NM_001360.3 | AR | |
DNMBP | 6032 | NM_015221.4 | AR | |
DYRK1A | 2292 | NM_001396.5 | AD | |
EED | 2100 | NM_003797.5 | AD | |
EIF2B2 | 1056 | NM_014239.4 | AD | |
EPG5 | 7740 | NM_020964.3 | AR | |
EPHA2 | 2931 | NM_004431.5 | AD | |
ERCC2 | 2283 | NM_000400.4 | AR | |
ERCC3 | 2349 | NM_000122.2 | AR | |
ERCC6 | 4482 | NM_000124.4 | AR | |
ERCC8 | 1191 | NM_000082.4 | AR | |
EYA1 | 1779 | NM_000503.6 | AD | |
FAR1 | 1548 | NM_032228.6 | AR, AD | |
FOXC1 | 1662 | NM_001453.3 | AD | |
FTL | 528 | NM_000146.4 | AD | |
FYCO1 | 4437 | NM_024513.4 | AR | |
GALK1 | 1179 | NM_000154.2 | AR | |
GALM | 1069 | NM_138801.3 | AR | |
GALT | 1140 | NM_000155.4 | AR | |
GCNT2 | 1203 | NM_001491.3 | AD, AR | |
GEMIN4 | 3177 | NM_015721.3 | AR | |
GFER | 618 | NM_005262.3 | AR | |
GLS | 1797 | NM_001256310.2 | AD | |
GNPAT | 2043 | NM_014236.4 | AR | |
GTF2H5 | 216 | NM_207118.3 | AR | |
HMX1 | 1047 | NM_018942.3 | AR | |
HSF4 | 1389 | NM_001538.4 | AD | |
HTRA2 | 1377 | NM_013247.5 | AR | |
HYCC1 | 1566 | NM_032581.4 | AR | |
INPP5K | 1119 | NM_016532.4 | AR | |
INTS1 | 6843 | NM_001080453.3 | AR | |
JAM3 | 780 | NM_001205329.2 | AR | |
LCAT | 1323 | NM_000229.2 | AR | |
LEMD2 | 1738 | NM_001143944.1 | AD | |
LIM2 | 648 | NM_030657.4 | AR | |
LONP1 | 2688 | NM_001276479.2 | AR | |
LSS | 2303 | NM_001001438.3 | AR | |
MAF | 1212 | NM_005360.5 | AD | |
MAN2B1 | 3036 | NM_000528.4 | AR | |
MED27 | 1160 | NM_001253881.2 | AR | |
MIP | 792 | NM_012064.4 | AD | |
MSMO1 | 489 | NM_001017369.3 | AR | |
MYH9 | 5883 | NM_002473.6 | AD | |
NACC1 | 1589 | NM_052876.4 | AD | |
NDP | 402 | NM_000266.4 | XLR | |
NF2 | 1788 | NM_000268.4 | AD | |
NHS | 4425 | NM_001136024.4 | XL | |
NUP188 | 5294 | NM_015354.3 | AR | |
OCRL | 2706 | NM_000276.4 | XLR | |
OPA3 | 540 | NM_025136.4 | AD | |
P3H2 | 1584 | NM_001134418.2 | AR | |
PANK4 | 2378 | NM_018216.4 | AD | |
PAX6 | 1269 | NM_000280.5 | AD | |
PEX1 | 3852 | NM_000466.3 | AR | |
PEX10 | 1041 | NM_153818.2 | AR | |
PEX11B | 780 | NM_003846.3 | AR | |
PEX12 | 1080 | NM_000286.3 | AR | |
PEX13 | 1212 | NM_002618.4 | AR | |
PEX14 | 1134 | NM_004565.3 | AR | |
PEX16 | 1011 | NM_004813.4 | AR | |
PEX19 | 900 | NM_002857.4 | AR | |
PEX2 | 918 | NM_000318.3 | AR | |
PEX26 | 918 | NM_017929.6 | AR | |
PEX3 | 1122 | NM_003630.3 | AR | |
PEX5 | 1920 | NM_001131025.2 | AR | |
PEX6 | 2943 | NM_000287.4 | AR | |
PEX7 | 972 | NM_000288.4 | AR | |
PGRMC1 | 588 | NM_006667.5 | XLR | |
PIK3C2A | 5093 | NM_002645.4 | AR | |
PITX3 | 909 | NM_005029.4 | AD | |
PLOD3 | 2217 | NM_001084.5 | AR | |
POLG | 3720 | NM_002693.3 | AR, AD | |
PSMC3 | 1501 | NM_002804.5 | AR | |
PXDN | 4440 | NM_012293.3 | AR | |
RAB18 | 621 | NM_021252.5 | AR | |
RAB3GAP1 | 2946 | NM_012233.3 | AR | |
RAB3GAP2 | 4182 | NM_012414.4 | AR | |
RECQL4 | 3628 | NM_004260.4 | AR | |
RIC1 | 3498 | NM_001135920.4 | AR | |
SC5D | 900 | NM_001024956.3 | AR | |
SIL1 | 1386 | NM_022464.5 | AR | |
SIPA1L3 | 5366 | NM_015073.3 | AR | |
SLC16A12 | 1551 | NM_213606.4 | AD | |
SLC2A1 | 1479 |
| NM_006516.4 | AD |
SLC33A1 | 1650 | NM_004733.4 | AR | |
SMG8 | 2988 | NM_018149.7 | AR | |
SRD5A3 | 957 | NM_024592.5 | AR | |
SREBF1 | 3534 | NM_001005291.3 | AD | |
TBC1D20 | 1212 | NM_144628.4 | AR | |
TDRD7 | 3297 | NM_014290.3 | AR | |
TFAP2A | 1296 | NM_001032280.3 | AD | |
TKFC | 2102 | NM_015533.4 | AR | |
UNC45B | 2790 | NM_001033576.2 | AD | |
VIM | 1401 | NM_003380.5 | AD | |
VPS4A | 1325 | NM_013245.3 | AD | |
VSX2 | 1086 | NM_182894.3 | AR | |
WFS1 | 2673 | NM_006005.3 | AD, AR | |
WRN | 4299 | NM_000553.6 | AR | |
XYLT2 | 2598 | NM_022167.4 | AR | |
ZNF526 | 2013 | NM_133444.3 | AR |
Infos zur Erkrankung
Katarakte sind das klinische Äquivalent einer Linsentrübung, die Lichtstreuung entsteht entweder durch hochmolekulare Protein-Aggregate in den Linsen-Zellen oder durch eine Störung der Mikroarchitektur der Linse. Zu den biologischen Prozessen, die für die Homöostase und Transparenz entscheidend sind, zählen die Linsen-Kristalline, Connexine, Membran-Proteine und Intermediärfilament-Proteine. Zu den "Katarakt-Genen" gehören jedoch auch Chaperon- oder Proteinabbau-Komponenten, Transkriptions- oder Wachstums-Faktoren, im Linsenkreislauf aktive Kanäle, Kollagen und Komponenten der extrazellulären Matrix. Erbliche Katarakte können Teil von Multisystem-Krankheiten sein. Sie können nach dem Erkrankungs-Alter klassifiziert werden; angeborene Katarakte zerstören die Mikroarchitektur der Linse, während bei altersbedingten Katarakten hochmolekulare Aggregate gebildet werden, die zur Lichtstreuung führen. Altersbedingte Katarakte sind meist multifaktoriell bedingt. Sie haben nicht so schwerwiegende Auswirkungen auf die Betroffenen wie angeborene Katarakte. Katarakte können auch nach ihrem klinischen Erscheinungsbild und ihrer Lage in der Linse klassifiziert werden, d.h. nach polarem, zonulärem (nukleärem, lamellärem, suturalem usw.), vollständigem, kapsulärem oder membranösem Star. Kongenitale Katarakte können isoliert oder in Verbindung mit zusätzlichen Vorderkammer-Anomalien wie Mikrokornea, Mikrophthalmie oder Aniridie auftreten oder können zu komplexen genetischen Syndromen gehören (Chromosomen- und Entwicklungs- oder Stoffwechselstörungen). Viele Mutationen zeigen bei einigen Patienten isolierte Katarakte, während sie bei anderen Familienmitgliedern mit Defekten im vorderen Augenabschnitt oder im gesamten Auge einhergehen können. Obwohl die meisten isolierten Mendel-Katarakte im ersten Lebensjahr diagnostiziert werden, treten einige erst im frühen Erwachsenenalter auf. Derzeit sind >100 Katarakt-Gene identifiziert, und alle klassischen Erbgänge kommen vor. Die molekulardiagnostische Ausbeute kann bei kongenitalem Katarakt beinahe 80% erreichen.
Referenzen: siehe Lehrbücher
- Alias: Cataract
- Alias: Cataract combined with other eye anomalies
- Alias: Cataract-microcornea syndrome, included
- Allelic: 3-methylglutaconic aciduria, type III (OPA3)
- Allelic: Aniridia (PAX6)
- Allelic: Aortic aneurysm, familial thoracic 11, susceptibility to (FOXE3)
- Allelic: Ayme-Gripp syndrome (MAF)
- Allelic: Cardiomyopathy, dilated, 1II (CRYAB)
- Allelic: Cataract 11, multiple types (PTX3)
- Allelic: Cataract 11, syndromic, AR (PTX3)
- Allelic: Cataract with late-onset corneal dystrophy (PAX6)
- Allelic: Coloboma of optic nerve (PAX6)
- Allelic: Coloboma, ocular (PAX6)
- Allelic: Deafness, AD 37 (COL11A1)
- Allelic: Dent disease 2 (OCRL)
- Allelic: Fibrochondrogenesis 1 (COL11A1)
- Allelic: Foveal hypoplasia 1 (PAX6)
- Allelic: Keratitis (PAX6)
- Allelic: Lumbar disc herniation, susceptibility to (COL11A1)
- Allelic: Marbach-Rustad progeroid syndrome (LEMD2)
- Allelic: Microphthalmia, isolated 2 (VSX2)
- Allelic: Morning glory disc anomaly (PAX6)
- Allelic: Myofibrillar myopathy 11 (UNC45B)
- Allelic: Myopathy, myofibrillar, 2 (CRYAB)
- Allelic: Norum disease (LCAT)
- Allelic: Optic nerve hypoplasia (PAX6)
- Allelic: Spastic paraplegia 9A, AD (ALDH18A1)
- Allelic: Spastic paraplegia 9B, AR (ALDH18A1)
- Allelic: Stickler sydrome, type I, nonsyndromic ocular (COL2A1)
- Allelic: Stickler syndrome, type II (COL11A1)
- Allelic: Trichothiodystrophy 1, photosensitive (ERCC2)
- Allelic: Vitreoretinopathy with phalangeal epiphyseal dysplasia (COL2A1)
- Allelic: Xeroderma pigmentosum, group D (ERCC2)
- Peter's anomaly, microphthalmia, included
- Peters anomaly, included
- 3-methylglutaconic aciduria, type VII, with cataracts, neurologic involvement, neutropenia (CLPB)
- 3-methylglutaconic aciduria, type VIII (HTRA2)
- Alzahrani-Kuwahara syndrome (SMG8)
- Anterior segment anomalies with/-out cataract (EYA1)
- Anterior segment dysgenesis 1, multiple subtypes (PITX)
- Anterior segment dysgenesis 1, multiple subtypes (PTX3)
- Anterior segment dysgenesis 2, multiple subtypes (FOXE3)
- Anterior segment dysgenesis 3, multiple subtypes (FOXC1)
- Anterior segment dysgenesis 5, multiple subtypes (PAX6)
- Anterior segment dysgenesis 7, with sclerocornea (PXDN)
- Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome, type 3 (FOXC1)
- Ayme-Gripp syndrome (MAF)
- Brain small vessel disease with/-out ocular anomalies (COL4A1)
- Branchiootorenal syndrome 1, with/-out cataracts (EYA1)
- CIMDAG s. [Cereb. hypopl., cataract, ID, cong. Microc., Dyst., dysery. Anemia, Growth ret.] (VPS4A)
- Cataract 1, multiple types (GJA8)
- Cataract 11, multiple types (PITX)
- Cataract 11, syndromic, AR (PITX)
- Cataract 14, multiple types (GJA3)
- Cataract 15, multiple types (MIP)
- Cataract 16, multiple types (CRYAB)
- Cataract 21, multiple types (MAF)
- Cataract 22 (CRYBB3)
- Cataract 23 (CRYBA4)
- Cataract 3, multiple types (CRYBB2)
- Cataract 34, multiple types (FOXE3)
- Cataract 38, AR (AGK)
- Cataract 40, XL (NHS)
- Cataract 41 (WFS1)
- Cataract 42 (CRYBA2)
- Cataract 43 (UNC45B)
- Cataract 45 (SIP1L3)
- Cataract 46, juvenile-onset (LEMD2)
- Cataract 47, juvenile, with microcornea (SLC16A12)
- Cataract 48 (DNMBP)
- Cataract 9, multiple types (CRYAA)
- Cataract due to abnormal sterol metabolism, AR [panelapp] (CYP51A1)
- Cataract pulverulent or cerulean with/-out microcornea (MAF)
- Cataract with late-onset corneal dystrophy (PAX6)
- Cataract, deafness, intellectual disability, seizures, Down syndr.-like facies; Ayme-Gripp s. (MAF)
- Cerebrooculofacioskeletal syndrome 2 (ERCC2)
- Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CYP27A1)
- Congenital cataracts, facial dysmorphism, neuropathy (CTDP1)
- Congenital cataracts, hearing loss + neurodegeneration (SLC33A1)
- Congenital posterior cataract [panelapp] (PANK4)
- Cutis laxa, AD (ALDH18A1)
- Cutis laxa, AR, type IIIA (ALDH18A1)
- Deafness, cataract, impaired intellectual development + polyneuropathy (PSMC3)
- Exudative vitreoretinopathy 2, XL (NDP)
- Fish-eye disease (LCAT)
- Galactosemia (GALT)
- Gillespie syndrome, included Knobloch syndrome, type 1 (COL18A1)
- Hemorrhagic destruction of the brain, subependymal calcification + cataracts (JAM3)
- Hyperferritinemia-cataract syndrome (FTL)
- Ichthyosis, follicular, with atrichia + photophobia syndrome 2 (SREBF1)
- Kahrizi syndrome (SRD5A3)
- Leukodystrophy, hypomyelinating, 5 (FAM126A)
- Lowe syndrome (OCRL)
- Macrothrombocytopenia, granulocyte incl. with/-out nephritis, sensorineural hearing loss (MYH9)
- Mannosidosis, alpha-, types I, II (MAN2B1)
- Marinesco-Sjogren syndrome (SIL1)
- Marshall syndrome (COL11A1)
- Martsolf syndrome (RAB3GAP2)
- Microcephaly, congenital cataract, psoriasiform dermatitis (MSMO1)
- Microphthalmia with coloboma 3 (VSX2)
- Microphthalmia, syndromic 2 (BCOR)
- Mucoepithelial dysplasia, hereditary (SREBF1)
- Muscular dystrophy, congenital, cataracts + intellectual disability (INPP5K)
- Myopia, high, with cataract + vitreoretinal degeneration (P3H2)
- Nance-Horan syndrome (NHS)
- Neurofibromatosis, type 2 (NF2)
- Norrie disease (NDP)
- Norum disease (LCAT)
- Oculoauricular syndrome (HMX1)
- Optic atrophy 3 with cataract (OPA3)
- Peroxisomal fatty acyl-CoA reductase 1 disorder (FAR1)
- Peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PEX...)
- Peters-plus syndrome (B3GLCT)
- Polyneuropathy, hearing loss, ataxia, retinitis pigmentosa + cataract (ABHD12)
- Polyneuropathy, hearing loss, ataxia, retinitis pigmentosa, cataract (ADAMTS10)
- Rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata, type 2 (GNPAT)
- Rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata, type 3 (AGPS)
- Rothmund-Thomson syndrome, type 2 (RECQL4)
- Sengers syndrome (AGK)
- Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (DHCR7)
- Sorbitol dehydrogenase deficiency with peripheral neuropathy (SORD)
- Spondyloocular syndrome (XYLT2)
- Stickler syndrome, type I (COL2A1)
- Triokinase + FMN cyclase deficiency syndrome (TKFC)
- Vici syndrome (EPG5)
- Warburg micro syndrome 1 (RAB3GAP1)
- Warburg micro syndrome 2 (RAB3GAP2)
- Warburg micro syndrome 3 (RAB18)
- Warburg micro syndrome 4 (TBC1D20)
- Werner syndrome (WRN)
- AD
- AR
- Mult
- XL
- XLR
- Multiple OMIM-Ps
Bioinformatik und klinische Interpretation
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